As a therapy, whole body vibration (WBV) was explored by Russian scientist Vladimir Nazarov who tested vibration on astronauts in an effort to decrease the loss of muscle and bone mass in space. Astronauts in space lose their muscular strength very quickly and the decrease of bone density increases the risk of bone fractures. Before their departure, astronauts were subjected to WBV training sessions so that the density of their bones would increase and their muscular strength would rise.

Vibration Therapy is becoming increasingly popular. Initially, vibration training was mainly used in the fitness industry, but Vibration Therapy is expanding quickly into physical therapy, sports medicine, long-term care and other areas of rehabilitation and wellness.

Vibration Parameters

To achieve optimal results with Vibration Therapy, two variables must be considered.

Amplitude - While all vibration devices produce vibration in three different directions - front and back (x), sideways (y), and up and down (z), the most safe and effective platforms produce sufficient vertical vibration while limiting vibration in the horizontal plane. Research has shown that significant vertical aplitude (2-6 mm) is required to generate adquate "loading" on both the muscular and skeletal systems. Conversely, vibration in the horizonal plane may cause significantside effects after prolonged use.

Frequency - (Hz) is equally important. Research shows that the body responds positivily to vibration in the 20 -50 Hz range. The acceleration forces resulting from vibration cause the muscles to contract. Due to this involentary contraction of the muscles, many more muscle fibers sre recruitedthan in a voluntary movenment (Issurin & Tenebaum 1999). this is confirmed by hieghtened EMG activity (Bosco et al. 1999, Deleclese et al 2003). This rapid contraction and relaxation of the muscles at 20 - 50 times per second works as a pump on both the circulatory and lymphatic systems, increasing the speed of blood flow and lymphatic drainage thoughout the body (Kerschan-Schindl et al 2001; Lohman et al 2007).